The Supreme Court held oral arguments regarding birthright citizenship on June 30, 2026. During the proceedings, several justices, including Justice Amy Coney Barrett, expressed skepticism about the government's position, particularly concerning cases involving abandoned infants. Barrett questioned Solicitor General D. John Sauer about how the Constitution addresses citizenship in such scenarios.
The legal principle of jus sanguinis, where citizenship is inherited from parents, is prevalent in many countries outside the Americas, while the U.S. follows jus soli, granting citizenship based on birthplace. However, the UK shifted to a jus sanguinis model with the British Nationality Act of 1981, limiting citizenship to children with at least one British parent.
The court is expected to announce its decision on the matter following the completion of oral arguments. Chief Justice John Roberts, who may write the opinion on this case, indicated that the court's decision-making process would reflect the justices' seniority.
In related matters, the court ruled that presidents have the authority to dismiss agency heads without cause, a departure from previous limitations set by a 91-year-old decision. The court also allowed Federal Reserve governor Lisa Cook to remain in her position while she contests an attempt by former President Trump to fire her over allegations she denies.
The arguments lasted over two hours and included notable attendees such as President Trump and actor Robert De Niro. Justices raised practical questions about the government's approach to citizenship determination, with Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson probing the logistics involved.