France's National Assembly approved a bill on July 15, 2026, allowing adults with incurable illnesses to receive lethal medication. The legislation passed with a vote of 291-241 after three previous readings, fulfilling a proposal made by President Emmanuel Macron over three years ago.
The bill permits medically assisted suicide under strict conditions, requiring patients to be at least 18 years old and either French citizens or legal residents. A doctor must confirm that the patient has a serious and incurable illness that is life-threatening. Patients must be in an advanced or terminal stage, experiencing unbearable pain, and seeking lethal medication voluntarily. Psychological suffering alone does not qualify for assisted dying.
Patients will initiate the request, which will be reviewed by healthcare professionals within 15 days, followed by a two-day reflection period. If approved, patients can take the medication at a time and place of their choice, with a doctor or nurse present to verify their consent and assist if necessary. The national health insurance system will cover all related costs.
Public support for the bill has grown over the past two decades, with a 2023 report indicating that most French people favor legalizing end-of-life options. However, opposition exists, with some arguing the measure could pressure vulnerable individuals. The bill will now be reviewed by the Constitutional Council to ensure compliance with the Constitution before it takes effect.