US Troops Withdraw from Iraq After 23 Years

<figure> <img alt="Sign that reads If they return we will return" src="https://platform.vox.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2026/09/gettyimages-2297348954.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;crop=0,0,100,100" /> <figcaption> Iraqis gather in Baghdad to celebrate the withdrawal of US and international coalition forces on September 30, 2026. | Murtadha Al-Sudani/Anadolu via Getty Images </figcaption> </figure> <p>The last US troops in Iraq formally withdrew on September 30, 2026, 23 years after the United States first invaded Iraq and 12 years after returning to combat the Islamic State. This event marks the conclusion of a prolonged military presence, which has been gradually reduced over the years as part of a phased drawdown initiated by the Biden administration.</p> <p>The drawdown signifies the end of a complex chapter in US military history, during which tens of thousands of troops were deployed as part of the war on terror that began in 2003. Troops initially left Iraq in 2011, but a smaller contingent returned in 2014 to combat the Islamic State, which had gained significant territory after the initial withdrawal.</p> <p>Public sentiment regarding both military campaigns has been largely negative, with over 4,500 American military personnel reported to have died in Iraq over the past two decades. Civilian casualties and drone strikes perceived as violations of Iraq's sovereignty have contributed to periodic protests against US involvement.</p> <p>As the US exits, concerns arise regarding the implications for Iraq's political landscape, particularly in relation to Iran's influence. An Iranian-backed militia commander referred to the withdrawal as a significant setback for US interests.</p> <p>Historically, Iran and Iraq have been adversaries, but following the US-led invasion in 2003, Iran has worked to enhance its political and military influence in Iraq. This includes establishing connections with influential Iraqi leaders and investing in various initiatives.</p> <p>Some analysts have expressed concerns that the final withdrawal of US troops could empower Iranian-affiliated groups within Iraq. Reports indicate that ordinary Iraqis fear that their country may become increasingly dominated by these groups.</p> <p>In light of the withdrawal, the Iraqi government has postponed the deadline for Iranian-backed militia groups to disarm, which was originally set for the same day as the US withdrawal.</p> <p>The conclusion of US military involvement in Iraq highlights the challenges of achieving lasting political outcomes, despite military successes. The situation underscores the potential for US rivals, such as Iran, to exploit the changing dynamics in the region.</p>