The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a Level 2 travel advisory for Costa Rica, advising US citizens to practice enhanced precautions due to an outbreak of the chikungunya virus in the Guanacaste Province. The Costa Rican health ministry declared an active outbreak in Playa Langosta on July 1, following confirmed and probable cases of the virus. Out of 45 suspected cases, four have been confirmed as chikungunya, with 17 classified as probable. The outbreak has affected both Costa Rican nationals and foreign visitors, with 16 confirmed cases reported this year.
The CDC's advisory follows a warning from the US Embassy in Costa Rica about local transmission of the virus, indicating that it is now present in the mosquito population. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) first issued an epidemiological alert in February, noting a rise in chikungunya cases across the Americas. Sylvain Aldighieri, director of communicable diseases prevention at PAHO, stated that the alert aims to prepare health workers and governments for potential outbreaks.
While the CDC did not specify precautions, a Level 2 advisory typically suggests using EPA-registered insect repellent, wearing long-sleeved clothing, and ensuring accommodations are properly sealed. Vaccination is recommended for travelers visiting areas with a surge in cases. As of February 28, there have been 32,758 chikungunya cases and nine associated deaths reported across at least 18 countries this year. Symptoms of chikungunya include high fever, severe joint pain, and rash, with persistent joint pain possible for some individuals. Pregnant women are advised to reconsider travel plans due to potential risks to newborns.