A Syrian court has sentenced former President Bashar Assad to death, which may affect the government's relationship with Russia. Assad fled Syria before rebels took control of Damascus and has been living in Moscow since then. The Fourth Criminal Court in Damascus issued the death sentence for Assad, his brother, and a cousin, with the latter being present in court. Judge Fakhreddine al Aryan stated that Assad used state agencies to commit war crimes and crimes against humanity.
The ruling provides a legal basis for Syria to seek Assad's extradition, supported by a 2022 extradition treaty between Russia and Syria. Although Syrian President Ahmed al Sharaa reportedly requested Assad's extradition during a visit to Russia, analysts suggest that the likelihood of Russia complying is low, as it would undermine Moscow's support for its allies.
Russia has been a crucial ally for Assad throughout the Syrian civil war, intervening decisively in 2015. Despite expectations that the new Syrian government might distance itself from Russia, both countries have continued to strengthen their ties, recently signing a memorandum of understanding for military cooperation.
This agreement includes the transfer of control of civilian parts of Russian military bases in Syria to the Syrian government. Political analysts note that Syria's reliance on Russia for military support and economic resources makes it unlikely that the government will take significant steps to expel Russian influence.
As Russia adapts its approach in Syria, shifting towards a model of security partnership rather than direct control, the balance of power appears to have shifted in favor of Syria, although the country remains dependent on Russian support.